Hippuric acid crystals are rare. They may be either yellow-brown or clear, and they often resemble needle-like prisms or plates. Hippuric acid crystals are often found clustered together. While they are sometimes caused by an acidic urine pH, hippuric acid crystals can also occur in healthy urine.
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The amount of hippuric acid synthesized and excreted in the urine after benzoic acid loading (hippuric acid test) is a useful index of liver function. However, the hippuric acid test gives erroneous results in the event of failure of renal excretory function.
